2/06/2008

Torch Festival (Otomatsuri)

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Torch Fire Festival (Otomatsuri)

***** Location: Japan, Wakayama
***** Season: Early Spring
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

Torch Festival, O-too matsuri 御灯祭, お燈まつり, 御燈祭

Held in Kumano, in the town of Shingu at the shrine Kamikura Jinja 和歌山県新宮市の神倉神社.
February 6.
This fire festival has a history of more than 1400 years. It welcomes the God of the New Year and was held on the six day of the first month, according to the Asian lunar calendar.


Copyright (C) 2007 JTB Publishing Inc.

Men of all ages, called "those who climbed up, agari ko 上り子, run down the 538 steep stone steps of the mountain shrine, in complete darkness, each carrying a torch, which was lit before the festival on the sacred flame of the shrine.
They wear white cloths to express their will to be "deadly serious" about this. White cloths (shini shoozoku 死に装束, shiro shoozoku 白装束)are worn by many mountain ascetics.
On the night of the festival, men eat only WHITE food, such as cooked white rice, white rice cakes and radish.

The first one to reach the bottom of the stairs used to get a barrel of rice in former times. Nowadays, it is just for the thrill of it. The first few men are called "Tengu", mountain goblins, for being able to make it in such a short time.

More than 2000 men gather every year within the small mountain shrine compound and wrangle for the best place closest to the gate, which is opened at eight o'clock.

Many train all year to get a feeling of the unregular, small stone steps, the curves and problems of the dangerous way down.
Some fathers carry their baby sons on the back, stepping very carefully so as not to fall in the dark.

They take the torches home, place them on the shelf for the gods (kamidana 神棚) and pray for the good luck of the whole family in the coming year.

The whole mountain area of Kamikura is usually off limits for female persons (nyonin kinsei 女人禁制). Mothers, wifes and grandmothers wait at the bottom of the path and pray for the safe return of their menfolk.

Gabi Greve, February 2007

Click HERE to look at more photos !
otoumatsuri


From the song of the shrine Shingu:

「お燈まつりは男のまつり 山は火の滝、下り龍」
This is a festival for real men ! The mountain becomes a waterfall of fire, a Dragon coming down !

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Kumano Hayatama Taisha
includes the compound of the shrine situated near the river mouth of the Kumanogawa River, as well as Mt "Gongenyama 権現山" in the background, where Kamikura-jinja is located, and the ritual sites Mifunejima and Otabisho. Halfway up Mt Gongenyama there is a shrine called Kamikura-jinja, where it is believed that the shrine deity had descended. Around the gigantic rock called Gotobiki-iwa, which has itself been worshiped as a sacred object, many bronze bells of the 3rd century and sutra mounds of around the 12th century have been found.

Annually on the 6th of February the fire festival called Kumano Otomatsuri is held; this festival, which is said to retain its ancient religious traditions, was originally observed on the 6th day of the lunar-calendar New Year.




Read more about the area of Kumano HERE
© Okayama Prefecture : Kumano

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Part of the stone steps on the path, a feat to climb up even in summer daylight.



© PHOTO Wikipedia

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Worldwide use


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Things found on the way


TANAKA,Masaaki [Otoumatsuri – Wakayama Pref]
Woodblock of this festival

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HAIKU



complete darkness -
a dragon of fire races
down the steps

Gabi Greve, 2007



© PHOTO : www.kumano-monogatari.com/

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Related words

***** . Nachi no himatsuri 那智の火祭り Fire Festival at Nachi
main festival at shrine Nachi Taisha, July 14.


***** Fire Festivals of Japan (hi matsuri)

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2/01/2008

Spring Festival

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Spring Festival (haru matsuri)

***** Location:
***** Season: All Spring
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

Spring Festival, haru matsuri 春祭り

CLICK for more photos

This is the most common naming for all the festivals occuring in the springtime throughout Japan.
Some are quite famous, like the Festivals of the Kashihara Shrine, the Kasuga Shrine and the Great Usa Shrine.

They also were similar to the New Year Festivals according to the Asian Lunar Calendar.

People prayed for a bountiful harvest and wellbeing of the whole family.

God of the Year (toshi toku jin)


Kashihara Spring Festival (Kashihara matsuri)

Kasuga Shrine Festivals (Kasuga matsuri)


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INDIA SAIJIKI ..... (WKD - INDIA):
Spring Festivals



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Things found on the way



The Great Hachiman Shrine in Usa  宇佐神宮
Daruma Museum


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HAIKU




spring ceremony -
he leads his Buddha
by the hand


© Photo and Haiku / Gabi Greve, 2008



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Related words

***** Festival (matsuri) Japan.Introduction

***** Autumn Festival (aki matsuri)

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1/20/2008

January 20 Celebration (hatsuka iwai)

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January 20 Celebration (hatsuka iwai)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

hatsuka iwai 二十日祝い celebrating on January 20

January 20 is also a special "New Years Day" (hatsuka shoogatsu 二十日正月) in Japan. The Samurai class took this as a special ritual and prepared special food for this day. The ladies of the house where allowed for the first time now to take the cover off the mirror and look at their faces. They also could eat the rice cakes that had been put as offerings before the mirror boxes (kyoodai 鏡台).

Officially this was the last day of New Years celebrations, where folks would cook rice with red soy beans (sekihan 赤飯) and eat the last New Year cakes to celebrate.

It was also the day when the God of Good Luck, Ebisu, had his first festival.

In the area of Kyoto and Osaka, the leftover bones of yellowtail (buri) offered during the New Year celebrations were cooked and eaten (New Year bones, hone shoogatsu 骨正月).


. Ebisu えびす 恵比寿  .


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More kigo for this day

"sword handle" celebration, ha tsuka iwai 刃柄祝(はつかいわい)

Celebration of the mirror box, kyoodai iwai 鏡台祝(きょうだいいわい)

Celebration of the "first face", hatsu kao iwai 初顔祝(はつかおいわい)

Celebration of the Mirror, kagami no iwai 鏡の祝(かがみのいわい)


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Things found on the way



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HAIKU




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***** BACK TO
Festivals and Ceremonies of Japan




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1/15/2008

Tree fertility ritual

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Tree fertility ritual (narikizeme )

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

On January 15, the day of the "Small New Year" (koshoogatsu 小正月)fruit tree are beaten with special wands (iwai boo 祝い棒) to co-erxce them into bringing rich fruit at harvest time. The men beating the tree shout:

なるかならぬか、ならねば切り倒す
naran ka naranu ka naraneba kiritaosu

Will you bring fruit?
Will you not bring fruit?
If you do not bring fruit
I will cut you down !

Other men take the place of the beaten tree and shout back:

なります、なります
I will bring fruit, I will bring fruit !

This ritual is especially performed in the fruit growing areas of Northern Japan and Western Japan.
Sometimes a hatchet was used to actually nick the tree, and then red beans rice gruel (azuki-gayu) was smeared on the nick.



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tree fertility ritual, narikizeme
..... 成木責, 生り木責め, 成り木責め


kizeme 木責(きぜめ)
tree incantation, kimajinai 木呪(きまじない)
fruit tree ritual, kajuzeme 果樹責(かじゅぜめ),
..... nari iwai 成祝(なりいわい)
cheering the tree, ki o hayasu 木を囃す(きをはやす)
naruka naranuka なるかならぬか




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Worldwide use

This is a ritual found in other places:

In Romania, there's a traditional Christmas confection called a turta. It is made of many layers of pastry dough, filled with melted sugar or honey, ground walnuts, or hemp seed.
In this tradition, with the making of the cake families enact a lovely little ceremony to assure the fruitfulness of their orchard come spring. When the wife is in the midst of kneading the dough, she follows her husband into the wintry garden.

The man goes from barren tree to tree, threatening to cut each one down. Each time, the wife urges that he spare the tree by saying:
"Oh no, I am sure that this tree will be as heavy with fruit next spring as my fingers are with dough this day."
http://www.candlegrove.com/solstice.html


And in England:

This is the popular image of the traditional folk custom of wassailing fruit trees - a ceremony intended to begin the process of waking the fruit trees from their winter slumber and the first
fertility festival of the folk calendar.

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After dark those taking part proceed down to the orchard, ceremonially bearing the wassail bowl filled with the prepared booze. They also carry large sticks and such items as shotguns, drums,
kettles, pans and whistles - anything which can be used to create lots of noise in fact.

The ceremony generally begins with the tree, usually the oldest and most venerable tree in an orchard, being variously serenaded with traditional "wake up" type of chants and rhymes alternating with speeches by the group's leader in praise of the tree, its fruitfulness in previous years and exhorting it to do even better in the coming year.

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The custom usually continues with the tree or trees being beaten about the trunk (and any branches within reach) with the sticks. This is believed to begin the process of awakening the tree and starting the sap flowing up the trunk. It is accompanied by much shouting and the making of as much noise as possible, and shotguns are commonly fired up into the branches. Again, this is believed to assist the tree in awakening from its winter sleep as well as frightening away any evil spirits which might be lurking in the branches.
http://www.whitedragon.org.uk/articles/wassail.htm

Compiled by Larry Bole


Mulled Mead, Wassail ! and haiku

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Things found on the way


Rural Japan Reality

He had been tending his many orchards for many years. Getting older, things got more difficult and one by one, he had to cut down the many trees in his orchards.
Today I observed the old farmer below in my valley :

winter cold -
he felled his last
apple tree


Winterkälte -
er fällt den letzten
Apfelbaum

© Gabi Greve, January 2007


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HAIKU


成木責きらきら足袋の裏白し
narikizemi kirakira tabi no ura shiroshi

tree incantation -
the white back of my tabi socks
shines and sparkles
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

© sinmik
plaza.rakuten.co.jp/sinmik/diary/?ctgy=7

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教会の牧師来たりて成木責
kyookai no bokushi kitarite narikizeme

the priest from
our local church came too -
tree fertility ritual
(Tr. Gabi Greve)

© www.gendaihaiku.gr.jp/haikukai/result/70_touku.htm



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Related words

***** Saijiki of Japanese Festivals and Ceremonies


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1/09/2008

Dainichi Mairi

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. Dainichi Do Hall 大日堂 Legends . :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

Visit to the Dainichi Hall (Dainichi Mairi)

***** Location: Akita, Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

Festival at the Dainichi Hall in Akita, Kazuno City
秋田県鹿角市大日堂舞楽

CLICK for more photos of the Festival

Visiting the Dainichi Hall, Dainichi Mairi 大日詣 (だいにちまいり)
... Dainichidoo zaidoo 大日堂祭堂(だいにちどうざいどう)
"Hall Festival" zaidoo 祭堂(ざいどう)

My Details about Buddha Dainichi Nyorai / Vairocana
CLICK for more photos of Dainichi Nyorai Buddha
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The Dainichi-do Shrine Bugaku Dance

Dainichi-do is a Shinto shrine in the Hachimantai area of Kazuno. Its origin and history are shrouded in legends, the original structure was perhaps built about 1500 years ago. Restored in 718 by the emperor Keitai, the court dances and music (called bugaku) dedicated to the completion of the restoration are said to be the origin of those still performed annually at Dainichido on January 2nd.
A series of eleven dances are performed, accompanied by ancient music played on Japanese flutes and drums. The dances and music are a form of folk art with a long tradition in Japan, and have been designated a National Cultural Treasure.
With Komamai Dance, Torimai Dance and more.
© city.kazuno.akita.jp

Dainichi Hall Kagura Bugaku 大日堂舞楽

© PHOTO : Shobunsha Publications

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Things found on the way


O-Take Nyorai お竹如来 and haiku by ISSA

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HAIKU


about Buddha Dainichi Nyorai
CLICK for more english photos
白鳥とわれと大日如来像
hakuchoo to ware to Dainichi zoo

the swans and
myself and the statue
of Dainichi Nyorai


Shimizu Shookei 清水逍径

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山笑う秘仏大日如来とか
yama warau hibutsu dainichi nyorai toka

mountains laughing -
the secret statue of
Dainichi Nyorai ... they say


Kanda Shori 金田勝利

All Tr. Gabi Greve

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Related words

***** Secret Buddha Statues (hibutsu)

***** Kagura Dance (kagura)

***** Saijiki of Japanese Ceremonies and Festivals

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- #dainichido #dainichi -

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1/08/2008

First Day of the Tiger (hatsu tora)

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First Day of the Tiger (hatsu tora)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

The old Japanese calendar, instead of using the seven days of the week, used twelve different zodiac animals to symbolize each day. So, in a sense, today's 'seven day' week, was once a 'twelve day' period.
The Tiger hour is about 3-5am. Tiger Month is January and Tiger day comes up every 12 days.

The temple Kurama in Kyoto is especially closely related to this day. In Tokyo you can visit the Bishamonten temple in Kagurazaka.


"First Tiger", Hatsu-Tora, 'first' day of the 'tiger'
初寅 (はつとら)


visit to Kurama Temple in Kyoto on the first day of the tiger
Kurama hatsu tora mairi 鞍馬初寅詣(くらまはつとらまいり)
..... Kurama mairi 鞍馬詣(くらままいり)

hatsu tora mairi 初寅詣(はつとらまいり)
"First Tiger", ichi no tora 一の寅(いちのとら)
..... kami no tora no hi 上寅日(かみのとらのひ)
"lucky tiger" fuku tora 福寅(ふくとら)




"rake for good luck" fuku kaki
福掻, 福かき(ふくかき)
a talisman sold at temples during the New Year season




"lowering the basket" fugo oroshi 畚下し, 畚降ろし(ふごおろし)
see below


"lucky centipede", o-fuku mukade
お福むかで(おふくむかで)
At the temple Kurama, live centipedes were sold as good luck talismans. At home, they were put alive in rice liquor to prepare a medicine for centibede bites.


"Kurama Gold Coin", Kurama koban
鞍馬小判(くらまこばん)
"centipede gold coin", mukade koban百足小判, むかで小判(むかでこばん)
If you put these coins in your purse, you will not lack of money in the coming year.


The centipede was also famous for finding gold mines in the mountains, they were seen as protector deities of gold mines; see the LINK below about Bishamonten and the centipede.



Bishamonten and the Centipede Talisman
開運大毘沙門天王守


 © PHOTO :  ameblo.jp/mukade-koban


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. Kurama Festisvals 鞍馬山  

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Kurama is a mountain region in the North-West of Kyoto. Legend tells us it is the home of Sojobo, (Sōjōbō (僧正坊), a master king of the long-nosed tengu, who taught swordsmanship to the young Ushiwaka-maru or Shanao, later named Minamoto no Yoshitsune.


Kurama Temple, Kuramadera

In this temple, you can see a pair of tigers which are said to keep the temple safe. In 770, this temple was built by Gantei, disciple of Ganjin (a Chinese monk and a founder of Buddhism in Japan). Gantei dreamed that he climbed up Mt. Kurama led by a white horse at four o’clock in the morning on January 4, 770.

Then a demon attacked him, but a dead tree fell down on the demon and smashed it. The next morning, a statue of Bishamonten, one of the four heavenly kings in Buddhism, was found under the fallen tree. Gantei then built a temple to worship the statue. The date and time of the dream was related to the tiger in Japanese zodiac signs, so there are two tigers placed as messengers of Bishamonten in Kurama temple.

This temple lies deep in the mountains of northern Sakyo Ward and it is a little bit hard to go there, but it is well worth visiting and you will be overpowered by the dynamic tigers.

CLICK for original LINK
© Kyoto University of Foreign Studies


For Bishamonten and the Centipede, see the LINK given below.


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Lowering the Basket (fugo oroshi) at a modern festival

CLICK for original LINK
Click for more great photos of a Jizo Bon Festival
 © PHOTO 京の写真館



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Things found on the way


In the Daruma Museum

Kurama Flint Stone and Daruma Carvings


Minamoto no Yoshitsune and Benkei


Tengu and Daruma 天狗とだるま


. Tora トラ - 虎 - 寅 Tiger Toys .


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HAIKU


Kobayashi Issa tells us


引下す畚の中より雀哉
hiki-orosu fugo no naka yori suzume kana

hauled up
in the bamboo basket...
a sparrow!


Issa

This haiku refers to a custom at a certain Buddhist temple in Kyoto. On the first Day of the Tiger of each year, pilgrims could purchase the temple's famous flint stones by lowering a basket with their money into a hole. Unseen monks below would then exchange the stones for the money. Here, along with or instead of flint stones, a sparrow emerges from the basket.


同じ世をへらへら百疋小ばん哉
onaji yo o hera-hera mukade koban kana

to the same world
one after another...
temple coin souvenirs


梅の花まけにこぼすや畚下し
ume no hana mage ni kobosu ya fugo oroshi

plum blossoms fall
in the hairdo...
lowering the basket



On the year's first Day of the Tiger, pilgrims who went to temples to pray to Bishamon, a god of wealth, acquired amulets that resembled gold coins (koban).
On the first Day of the Tiger of each year, pilgrims could purchase the temple's famous flint stones by lowering a basket with their money into a hole. Unseen monks below would then exchange the stones for the money.

Tr. David Lanoue


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「初寅や櫻寂しき鞍馬寺」
芝友
「初寅や施行焚火に長憩ひ」
王城
「初寅の客一組や貴船茶屋」
草径
「初寅や貴船へ下る小提灯」
青雲


初寅や毘沙門会いに鞍馬まで
hatsu tora ya Bishamon ai ni Kurama made

first day of the tiger -
to meet Bishamonten
I go as far as Kurama

Tr. Gabi Greve

yotchi よっち
© compiled by yotchi よっち

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初寅を明日にひかえて信貴詣で
hatsu tora o asu ni hikaete Shigi moode

tomorrow we have
the first day of the tiger -
visiting Temple Shigisan

Tr. Gabi Greve

. Kei 惠以


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Related words

***** Kurama no hi matsuri 鞍馬の火祭 Kurama Fire Festival

***** Bishamonten and the Centipede


***** Saijiki of Japanese Ceremonies and Festivals


WKD : Tiger, a topic for haiku

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1/07/2008

First third of the year (joogen)

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First third of the year (joogen)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

There are three seasonal changes within a year, following the old Chinese Taoist lore, which has been introduced to Japan. They follow the Asian lunar calendar.
It is a day of prayer for good fortune in the coming year.


© PHOTO
http://shinowazuri.cocolog-nifty.com/memo/cat2525363/index.html


First third of the year, jogen, joogen 上元
Starting on January 15
This is also the day when the "Small New Year" (koshoogatsu 小正月) is celebrated in Japan. It is celebrated in many Chinese comminities in Japan, like in Yokohama and Nagasaki.


Middle third of the year, chugen, chuugen 中元
Starting on July 15
O-chuugen.
Half of the year has passed safely, people do penance and exchange gifts. Some rituals are performed for the festival of the souls, o-bon お盆.


Last third of the year, kagen 下元
Starting on October 15
This day is no longer celebrated in Japan.

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More kigo for the FIRST third celebration, JOOGEN

shongan しょんがん、 genshoosai 元宵祭(げんしょうさい)、 genshoosetsu 元宵節(げんしょうせつ)、genshoo 元宵(げんしょう)、
joogen e 上元会(じょうげんえ)
joogen no hi 上元の日(じょうげんのひ)day of Jogen, January 15genseki 元夕(げんせき )

ceremony of praying for good luck, kifuku sai 祈福祭(きふくさい)
changing the candles, roosoku kae 蝋燭替(ろうそくかえ)


Click HERE for more photos !



. Candles (roosoku) and Haiku  



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More kigo for the SECOND third celebration, CHUUGEN

observance kigo for mid-autumn


chuugen 中元 (ちゅうげん) mid-year presents
..... o-chuugen お中元(おちゅうげん)
chuugen zootoo 中元贈答(ちゅうげんぞうとう)
exchanging gifts for chuugen
chuugen uridashi 中元売出(ちゅうげんうりだし)

and in relation to the ancestor festival O-Bon

bonrei 盆礼(ぼんれい)curtesy gift for O-Bon
bon no kairei 盆の廻礼(ぼんのかいれい)
bon mimai 盆見舞(ぼんみまい) curtesy visit at O-Bon
bon no okurimono 盆の贈物(ぼんのおくりもの)
obligatory present for O-Bon


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humanity kigo for late summer

Giving presents and making obligatory visits is common in summer.
This co-incides somehow with the Chuugen season, but the lunar calender puts them in a different season for haiku. Usually you bring the "Chuugen" presents during this visit.
It is also customary to send postcards to those you can not visit, almost as the New Year greeting cards, and the post office has a great selection of these cards.



CLICK for more photos

shochuu mimai 暑中見舞 (しょちゅうみまい)
obligatory visit during the hottest time of the year

doyoo mimai 土用見舞(どようみまい)obligatory visit during the hot doyoo days.
natsu mimai 夏見舞(なつみまい) obligatory visit in summer


kaki teate 夏期手当 (かきてあて)
bonus during the summer season

In the spirit of CHUUGEN most companies give some extra bonus money to their employees.


.SAIJIKI ... HUMANITY
Kigo for Summer
 


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observance kigo for early winter


gegen 下元 (かげん) last third of the year
gegen no setsu 下元の節(かげんのせつ)



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Things found on the way



Presents for all seasons

To give presents and acknowledge one's duty to others is an important factor in traditional Japanese society. Give and take are very closely related and if you get something, you have to give something back (o-kaeshi お返し), for your neighbour, friend, on the workplace or from a family member.
Giving a small gift is a great way to express your gratitude toward the other person.

Twice a year there are "official" times for giving gifts to all that have been helpful to you during the past six months.
In former times you had to carry the present yourself, combined with a short polite visit to the receiver.
Nowadays, this is easier. Many department stores and shopping malls offer seasonal presents and send them for you, including a small greeting card.

oseibo, o-seibo 歳暮 present for the end of the year
Usually given from December 20 till the end of the year. This present does not need a revanche present.
It started off as a gift from the sub-family (bunke 分家) to the main family (honke 本家)to give an offering for the family altar in the main family home and was an opportunity for the families to get together and celebrate.

MORE
. WASHOKU
Obligatory Presents for all seasons




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どら焼も虎焼きもきてお中元
dorayaki mo torayaki mo kite o-chuugen

present for mid-year -
I got some Dorayaki
and also Torayaki


Iijima Haruko 飯島晴子 (1921 - 2000)
Tr. Gabi Greve


This is a play with words of DORA and TORA (Tiger).


torayaki 虎焼き Dorayaki in form of a little tiger

. WASHOKU
Dorayaki cakes
  





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seibo 歳暮(せいぼ)、oseibo お歳暮(おせいぼ)
giving Year End money or presents


***** © The Asian Lunar Calendar


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1/05/2008

First Poetry Meeting

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First Poetry Meeting (utakai hajime )

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

First poetry meeting at court, utakai hajime
歌会始 (うたかいはじめ)

..... uta gokai hajime 歌御会始(うたごかいはじめ)

first waka poetry meeting
..... waka gokai hajime 和歌御会始(わかごかいはじめ)
..... gokai hajime 御会始(ごかいはじめ)

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A New Year Poetry Reading is a gathering of people who get together to read a collection of poems on a common theme to a wider audience. This practice was already in usage during the Nara Period, and became known through the famous volume of Japanese poetry, the Manyoshu.

An Imperial Poetry Reading is the same as the above-mentioned description, the only difference being that the poetry reading is convened by His Majesty the Emperor. As part of the annual events at the Imperial Palace, every month a Poetry Reading came to be held. Of these monthly Poetry Readings, the Imperial Poetry Reading was held as the first such party of the New Year, and was given the name Uta Gokai Hajime.

The origins of the Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime are unclear. During the mid-Kamakura period, on 15 January 1267, Emperor Kameyama convened a Poetry Reading at the Imperial Palace, which is recorded in the Gaiki Nikki as an internal ceremony. Since that time, records of the New Year's Poetry Reading can be found down through the ages. From such evidence, it can be surmised that the origins of the Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime are traceable to the mid-Kamakura period.

The Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime came to be held almost every year through the Edo period, and after the Meiji Restoration, the first Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime during the reign of Emperor Meiji was held in January 1869. Since then, among various reforms in ceremonies, the Utakai Hajime has continued to be held.

The Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime at the Imperial Palace boasts a long history and represents a ceremonial culture that has become more sophisticated with the reforms of the Meiji and post-war eras, to become a cultural event with national participation in a way that is unique in the world. Tanka poetry is said to be at the heart of all traditional culture in Japan. These tanka poems are heard and read not only in Japan, but also throughout the world, and the ceremony demonstrates their power to bind the people together with the Imperial Family through this annual ceremony at the Imperial Palace, which is something to be truly praised and lauded.


CLICK for more photos


The
Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime is attended by Their Majesties the Emperor and Empress,
and poems recited include those chosen from submissions by the general public, poems of the selectors themselves, and poems by professional poets. Finally, the poems of the Imperial Family, Her Majesty the Empress and His Majesty the Emperor are recited. Members of the Imperial Family, including His Imperial Highness the Crown Prince are present at the Ceremony of the Utakai Hajime, and other audience members include the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, members of the Japan Academy of Art and the members of the public whose poems have been chosen.

The ceremony is performed through several participants, each with special titles: the dokuji (master of ceremonies), koji (reader of all poems), hassei (singer of poems from the first poem), and kosho (accompanying singer to the hassei for poems from the second poem).
© www.kunaicho.go.jp



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. Man'yōshū 万葉集 "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves" .

Man'yōshū (万葉集, "Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves")
is the oldest existing collection of Japanese poetry, compiled sometime after 759 AD during the Nara period. The anthology is one of the most revered of Japan's poetic compilations. The compiler, or the last in a series of compilers, is today widely believed to be Ōtomo no Yakamochi, although numerous other theories have been proposed. The collection contains poems ranging from AD 347 (poems #85-89) through 759 (#4516), the bulk of them representing the period after 600. The precise significance of the title is not known with certainty.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !




Manyooshuu 万葉集 Manyoshu, Manyo'shu

As you travel on,
if the mist arises white
along the seashore
by your shelter, think of it
as a sigh I breathe at home


Anonymous 736 C.E.


source : www.rarebooksinjapan.com

TAKI, SEIICHI and others,
The Manyoshu [Manyoushuu].
One Thousand Poems,
Selected and Translated from the Japanese.
Iwanami Shoten for Nippon Gakujutsu Shinkoka
As the title pages states, this book has the text in romaji, an introduction, notes, maps, biographical notes and a chronological table.
The full publishing information for this book is contained on a tipped-in slip at the back of the book; without that it is impossible to distinguish between the first printing and later impressions.

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***** First Court Rituals


***** Song (uta) and Haiku

- #manyoshu -
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1/03/2008

Yui Big Drum

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Big Drum Festival (O-Taiko Matsuri )

***** Location: Yui, Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

Yui Big Drum Festival, O-Taiko Matsuri お太鼓祭り

豊積神社お太鼓祭り

CLICK for more photos


Shrine Toyozumi Jinja 豊積神社

The enshrined deity is Konohana Sakuyahime no Mikoto.
Opinion about its foundation is divided, but the information board in the precinct explains that it originally enshrined Toyoukehime, the deity of rich harvest, during the 7th century, but according to popularization of Asama worship (worship of the volcano god), the chief priest received the oracle in 791 and it began to enshrine Konohana Sakuyahime no Mikoto.

In another historical record, it is written that the shrine was founded in 791. In either case, the shrine was listed on Engishiki (codes and procedures on national rites and prayers) in the Heian period (794-1192) as a shrine to worship Asama no Okami and was also called Toyozumi no Asama no Daimyojin.

Otaiko Matsuri Festival held for three days from the New Year’s Day, originates in the old episode that Saka no ue Tamuramaro dropped in at this shrine on his way back from the conquering battles with the Emishi and had a feast to thank the god for his victory.

185 Machiyahara, Yui-cho, Ihara-gun, Shizuoka Prefecture 421-3105
source : nippon-kichi.jp



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Big Drums and Ritual Instruments
Daruma Museum


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Related words

***** Asama Mountain in Shinano
Mount Asama.


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1/02/2008

First Laugh (hatsu warai)

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First Laugh (hatsu warai, hatsuwarai)

***** Location: Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Humanity


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Explanation

First laugh, waraizome 笑初 (わらいぞめ)
..... hatsu warai 初笑(はつわらい)

First smiling face, hatsu egao 初笑顔(はつえがお)
First smile, hatsu ekubo 初えくぼ(はつえくぼ)



Click for more about the Seven Gods of Good Luck!
Click for more information about
the Seven Gods of Good Luck !


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First cry, nakizome 泣初 (なきぞめ)
..... hatsu naki 初泣(はつなき)


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Lucky Laugh, fuku warai 福笑い (ふくわらい)
..... okametsuke おかめつけ


CLICK for more laughing men !CLICK for more photos

Sacred Lucky Laughing


Laughing Your Way to Heaven

It may seem comical to the outsider, but for residents of Hofu, Yamaguchi 防府市大道小俣地区Prefecture, the waraiko is a serious affair. On the first Sunday of December, the chief priest of a local Shinto shrine 小俣神社 leads 21 parishioners in an ancient ceremony to offer one's heartiest laughter to the gods.
http://web-japan.org/kidsweb/explore/calendar/december/waraiko.html


This is a ceremony to bring the old year to an end.
ootoshi sai 大歳祭
This is one of the special exceptional ceremonies of Japan. Since Showa 44 it has become an intangible cultural property of the town.

This ceremony is more than 800 years old (since 正治(しょうじ)元年(1199)) and lasts from 11 in the morning till 3 in the afternoon at the home of the Elder for this Ceremony, who is changing every year. They welcome the God of the Year (ootoshigami 大歳神) to his home to entertain him with their laugh.

21 men, one of each household, take part in it. They give thanks for the harvest of this year and pray for a good one in the next. Each then receives a big bowl or some bamboo twigs and lifts it to his head, laughing loud three times: Wahahaha ! first to thank for the harvest of this year, Wahahaha ! second to pray for a good harvest next year and Wahahaha ! a third time to forget the bad things and the sad things of the last year.

CLICK for original LINK

わっはっハッハッ、わっはっハッハッ、わっはっハッハッ

Then they drink sacred ricewine (miki) whilst sitting facing each other, lifting the cup and laughing three times for each toast. If the Elder of the Group finds the laugh was not from the heart and true or did not express enough funny dignity, he would bang on a metal washbowl and they have to repeat it.

The Laughing Group, Warai-Koo 「笑い講」is a serious matter, after all !
I watched on TV this year and we ended up laughing our way right toward heaven too! A rather funny serious ceremony. I will try and find more about its origin.


CLICK for original LINK with more photos
External LINK with many pictures
The Laughing Festival



More about Laughing in Japan
http://tillchan.typepad.com/laughing/


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HAIKU




source : www.miho.or.jp
Sekisoro singers - Haiga by Yosa Buson 与謝蕪村


- - - Matsuo Basho laughs - - -

節季候を雀の笑ふ出立かな
sekizoro o suzume no warau detachi kana

Year-end mummers
are a sight to make
the sparrows laugh

Tr. Addiss
source : books.google.co.jp


Written in December 1592, Genroku 5 元禄5年12月

. Year End Singers . sekizoro 節季候 .
with one more hokku by Basho


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春風に吹き出し笑ふ花もがな
haru kaze ni fukidashi warau hana mogana

O for flowers
That burst into laughter
In the spring wind.

Tr. Nelson and Saito


Spring winds.
Hoping the flowers burst
Out in laughter.

Tr. ?


Written in 寛文7年, Basho age 24.

in the spring wind
they will burst out into laughter,
these blossoms . . .

Tr. Gabi Greve


To say that flowers or cherry blossoms burst out into laughter in spring was a kind of cliche even at the time of Basho.

jootooku 常套句 jotoku cliche poem
jootoo 常套 cliche . クリシェ(french: cliché)

mogana, moga na もが‐な is the cutting word (kireji 切字)
at the end of line 3.


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笑ふべし泣くべしわが朝顔の凋む時
warau beshi naku beshi waga asagao no shibomu toki

should I laugh? should I cry?
when my morning glories
begin to wither

Tr. Gabi Greve

Written in 天和元年, Basho age 38

Here Basho also thinks about his own face as it changes when getting older.
This is a pun with the flower "asagao", "morning face" in Japanese.

. Face faces (kao 顔) .


Hokku about the Morning Glory (morning face)
. - asagao 朝顔 morning glory - .
Convolvulaceae family.


Hokku about crying (naku) by
. Matsuo Basho 松尾芭蕉 - Archives of the WKD .

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片乳を握りながらやはつ笑ひ
kata chichi o nigiri nagara ya hatsu warai

while grasping
mama's breast...
the year's first smile




乞食やもらひながらのはつ笑ひ
koijiki ya morai nagara no hatsu warai

a beggar receives
alms, the year's first
laughter


Kobayashi Issa
Tr. David Lanoue

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CLICK for original

chichiue no nigao-e kaki daibakushoo

painting the face
of my dear father -
exploding with laughter


They pass the painting to get into the laughing mood for the real ceremony !

 © Asahi San
Tr. Gabi Greve

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***** New Year's Tea, Good Luck Tea, lucky tea (fukucha) Japan

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Chiba warai 千葉笑 (ちばわらい) "laughing in Chiba"
observance kigo for mid-winter

At the temple Chibadera 千葉寺 in the town of Chiba.
On the last day of the year, people assemble and have to hide their laughing faces until all at once break out in a huge laughter 嘲笑 (ちょうしょう chooshoo).
It is also the theme of a Kyogen play 千葉笑い.


ameblo.jp/ttuminchu/archive1-200803.html



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ban no warai 鷭の笑い(ばんのわらい)
laughter of a moorhen
animal kigo for all summer
Gallinula chloropus


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waraitake 笑い茸(わらいたけ)"laughing mushroom"
plant kigo for all autumn

A poisonous mushroom that makes people laugh if they eat it.
Panaeolus papilionaceus


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Long Life Ceremony

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Long Life Ceremony (enjusai )

***** Location: Nara, Japan
***** Season: New Year
***** Category: Observance


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Explanation

Ceremony for a long life at Shrine Kashihara Jingu, Nara
January 1.

"Ceremony for long life" enju sai 延寿祭 (えんじゅさい )

Enju Sake Cup, enju hai 延寿盃(えんじゅはい)
Enju Chopsticks, enju bashi 延寿箸(えんじゅばし)




People use new chopsticks and a new ricewine cup to pray for health and long life in the new year.
This can also be done on the a birthday of 60, 70, 77, 80 or 88 of a person.

Sake cups



Chopsticks

© PHOTO www.kashimajinja.jp




. WKD : Kashihara Festival 橿原祭 Kashihara matsuri .
On February 11 from 10:00 am, "Kigensai 紀元祭", a ritual ceremony commemorating the foundation of Japan, is held.



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Shrine Kashihara Jingu
The Birthplace of the Japanese Nation
橿原神宮(かしはらじんぐう)

Kashihara-jingu, located in the city of Kashihara, Nara Prefecture, was built in 1889 at the site of the Kashihara-gu where Japan's first emperor, Jinmu, is said to have acceded to the throne. The Main Hall and Kagura-den (hall for sacred dancing) were relocated here from the Kyoto Imperial Palace, and the other buildings were constructed in 1940. The deities enshrined are Emperor Jinmu and his consort Hime-tatara-Isuzu-Hime.

A new national regime was inaugurated in 1868 with the end of rule by the samurai class, with the emperor as head of state, and the spirits of Emperor and Empress Jinmu were formally enshrined here in recognition of their status as the first generation of the Imperial Family.
© Japan National Tourist Organization

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When the emperor Jinmu (Jimmu) landed at the port of Naniwa (Osaka) and tried to enter Yamato, his advance was impeded by the troop of the earthy god Nagasune-hiko (the Long Shank), and his brother Itsuse no Mikoto died in a battle.

His brother, on his death bed, said to the emperor: " We are descendants of the Goddess of the Sun, and therefore, we must not have fougfht in the face of the Sun. "

The emperor retreated and went around to the Kii Peninsula and landed there and advanced through the mountains of Kumano, which is the Unesco's World Heritage.

Once again, Nagasune-hiko appeared to hold back the troop of the Emperor.
Then, a shining large bird "Tobi" appeared and came flying to the top of the bow of the emperor. The enemies became dazzled at the shring light of the bird.

Nagasune-hiko finally surrendered.


Kashihara-jingu Shrine and the Unebi-yama

Read more HERE
© Hiroaki Sasaki


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HAIKU



還暦の私も行くぞ 延寿祭
kanreki no watakushi mo iku zo enju sai

on my 60th birthday
I will go there !
Ceremony for Long Life


Gabi Greve, January 2008


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***** Saijiki of Japanese Ceremonies and Festivals



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1/01/2008

Year of the Mouse

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Year of the Mouse

***** Location: Japan in 2008
***** Season: Non-seasonal Topic
***** Category: Humanity


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Explanation

2008 is the year of the Mouse/Rat according to the Asian Lunar Calendar.
nezumi doshi 鼠・子(ねずみ・ネズミ)年

CLICK for more photos of New Year Greeting cards.
Japanese Greeting Cards for 2008


The Circle of 60 Years
Jikkan Junishi (literally 10 stems and 12 branches) refers to the Chinese zodiac symbols, also called eto in Japanese. The 10 heavenly stems referred yin-yang principles and the elements of wood, fire, earth, metal and water. Once full circle compirzes 60 years.

The 12 earthly branches of the Zodiac include 12 animals:
mouse (rat), ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and wild boar (pig)

The 60th birthday of a person completes one circle.
Kanreki 還暦.

This year will be my Kanreki !

Gabi Greve

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CLICK for more photos

nezumi ねずみ【鼠】 mouse
nonezumi, no nezumi 野ねずみ field mouse
ratto ラット  rat
dobunezumi どぶねずみ brown rat
topic for haiku

This animal is with us all year round !


Grey (gray) in Haiku
Traditional Japanese Colors: nezumi iro


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Year of the Rat / 32,400 hits

Year of the Mouse / 19,000 hits


The Mouse / Rat Personality

The mouse is one of the animals that are found all over the world. It has good vitality and gives people the impression that it is smart,nimble and filled with enterprising spirits.
People born in the year of the mouse share some of the characteristics of a mouse. They are optimistic,cheerful, do not fall into low spirits no matter how hard the circumstances,and will fight for their lives. At the same time, they are sensitive like a mouse, and have good intuition and imagination, but they are not good at logically drawing their own conclusions.

Viewed from appearances, people born in the year of the mouse are reticent persons, but actually they are not. They are easily worked up, but they can control their spirits. This character allows them to have lots of friends.

People born in the year of the mouse are usually optimistic, cheerful and easy to get along with. Sometimes you may find a person born in the year of the mouse to be critical, complaining and fault finding. But generally speaking, people born in the year of the mouse are easy to get along with. You can find them in circles of close friends and they are usually very friendly.

People born in the year of the mouse treasure their relationships with friends and relatives. Sometimes you will find that they connect their lives closely to those of others. This is because once they like somebody, they can't bear to leave them.

People born in the year of the mouse have a natural instinct for loving money. A boss born in the year of the mouse will care for his employees. He makes sure his employees participate sufficiently in sports and that they maintain a balanced diet. When his employees are sick, he will go to see them. He takes the troubles of employees as his own. But things change as soon as his employees want to talk about raising their wages. Then he becomes a miser. If you want to get money from the person born in the year of the mouse, you will need to bargain with him very hard.




A woman born in the year of the mouse is usually surprisingly frugal. She buys second-hand goods, splits one meal into several, and cuts down on expenses. Of course, if there is real need for money, she will not be stingy.

Sometimes, people born in the year of the mouse live in groups. They don't care if there is another mouth to feed. They will let friends or relatives live in their homes, but they can always find something for them to do. They even let lazy-bones and beggars move in and they provide work for them to do in their houses.

People born in the year of the mouse are able to keep secrets, but they enjoy finding out the secrets of other people. They may use such information as a weapon and are not satisfied until they have achieved someone's destruction. They seek loopholes without feeling shame. In a word, they lose no chances.

Since such a person tries his best to hide his feelings, when his mood changes he will be confused, and not always know why he is angry or worried. The cause may be just because people born in the year of the mouse are active and diligent. They would be unhappy and angry about other people's laziness and waste.

The character of people born in the year of the mouse has its positive and negative side. They are too particular about trifles, criticize others too much and bargain too much. They usually buy things that they don't really need. They are often cheated by others. They also keep many mementos in their rooms, and keep distressed memories in their hearts. Maybe this is because of their desire to accumulate. Although they are willing to poke their noses into other people's business, they mean good.

People born in the year of the mouse have good memories. They like to ask questions and have keen insights. Such a person knows almost everybody and keeps everything around them in mind. Others take it for granted if a person born in the year of the mouse becomes an excellent writer.

People born in the year of the mouse can succeed in everything because they are as clever as mice. They are able to overcome all kinds of difficulties, and face dangers fearlessly. Because of their cool and quick-witted minds, their keen insight and deep understanding of life, defeats in life sharpen their minds and make them out of ordinary.

There is no need to worry about the security of the person born in the year of the mouse. Before he will make any deal, he will leave a way out for himself. In times when things out of the ordinary happen he can overcome trouble almost immediately. An instinct for protecting himself takes the most important place in his heart. Usually his plans take little risk. So if you want to avoid trouble, follow the advice of a person born in the year of the mouse.

Main stumbling block standing in the way of such persons is their wild ambitions. They want to do too many things at the same time, and so they diffuse their energies. If they are able to develop their strong points and avoid their weak points, they will gain great success. Although people born in the year of the mouse are able to foresee dangers, their fondness for bargaining may cause them to draw wrong judgments, and even fall into traps. If they can overcome their greed and be self-restrained, their lives may become plain sailing. But before they realize that greed will do more harm than good, they may suffer at least one disaster of losing a large sum of money. Yet they will not become penniless because they will extricate themselves from such a difficult position.

Among the "twelve animals," the mouse is the most sentimental.
So he is not only attached to his children but also to the elder members of his family. Children born in the year of the mouse are considerate towards their parents, trust their parents and forgive any mistakes of their parents. A mother born in the year of the mouse is a good house-wife and can help her husband's work a great deal. However she will spoil her children and will pay too much attention to her husband.

Source:
The Handbook of Chinese Horoscopes by Theodora Lau
Published by arrow Books Limited

http://www.chinavoc.com/zodiac/mouse/person.asp

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Stamps for the Year 2008 in Japan

CLICK for Japanese Original LINK.
© Japan Post / 干支文字切手

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Click for more New Year Cards 2008 !

My New Year Postcards 2008

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The Tale of Mice.  Nehyōe / Yahyoe
Nehyōe, the mouse-husband, is carried off by a goose while trying to satisfy his pregnant mouse-wife’s craving for meat cut from the bird’s right shoulder. Sister Toad and Lady Mole are summoned to help, while meanwhile Nehyōe wanders the countryside composing poems of lament.



At long last, Nehyōe is rescued and sent home in a boat, and the mouse-couple lives happily ever more.
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White mice like Nehyoe,the hero of this tale, were believed to be messengers from Daikokuten, one of the seven gods of good fortune. It was customary to read Nehyoe's auspicious story on the occasion of the New Year to usher in a new era of success and prosperity.
- source : prufrocksdilemma.blogspot.jp


白鼠弥兵衛物語
The Tale of White-rat Yahyoe
- source : people.ucalgary.ca


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HAIKU


year of the mouse !
I wait for a new spring
in November

Gabi Greve, November 2007


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Related words

***** Reference: The Asian Lunar Calendar


. Nezumi 子 / 鼠  Rat, Mouse Amulets .

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